Pullback-Ratio Hermite–Hadamard–Fejér Certificates for Modified(h, m)–Convex Integral Averages under Nonlinear Kernel Generators
Keywords:
pullback-ratio coefficient; nonlinear kernel generator; modified (h,m)–convexity; Hermite–Hadamard–Fejér certificate; vertex bound; simplex cone formula; trace certificate; engineering scale integral averages.Abstract
This paper develops a pullback-ratio certificate framework for kernel-averaged Hermite Hadamard–Fejér type estimates under modified (h,m)–convexity of the second type. The central observation is that a nonlinear increasing generator does not preserve the ordinary affine parameter that appears in the generalized convexity inequality. Therefore the endpoint coefficients must be computed from the affine location induced by the generator pullback, rather than from the external kernel variable itself. This reparameterization yields valid scalar certificates for arbitrary admissible increasing generators, dimension-explicit vertex certificates on boxes, and radial certificates on simplices with the correct cone normalization. Matrix-path trace bounds are included only as a controlled application: the commuting case follows by simultaneous diagonalization, while the noncommuting statement is conditional on an explicit Loewner-order compatibility assumption. A new stochastic robustness section shows that the certificates remain stable under bounded random perturbations, zero-mean response noise, estimated generator ratios, and Monte Carlo validation error. Worked engineering-scale examples involving photovoltaic inverter losses, battery thermal loading, energy-portfolio allocation and covariance-barrier paths demonstrate how the corrected constants are computed in nontrivial applied settings. Unsupported assertions for arbitrary matrix means are deliberately avoided.
References
[1] S. Boyd and L. Vandenberghe, Convex Optimization, Cambridge University Press, 2004.
[2] M. S. Ahmad, A. Flah, and M. Abbas. Improved Hermite-Hadamard bounds for (v, w)-strongly convex functions with applications to energy storage optimization. Results in Engineering (2025): 107999.
[3] L. Fejér, Über die Fourierreihen, II, Mathematische Naturwissenschaftliche Anzeiger der Ungarischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 24, 369–390, 1906.
[4] P. S. Bullen, Handbook of Means and Their Inequalities, Springer, 2003.
[5] S. S. Dragomir and C. E. M. Pearce, Selected Topics on Hermite–Hadamard Inequalities and Applications, RGMIA Monographs, Victoria University, 2000.
[6] M.S. Ahmad, A. Flah, and M. Abbas, A Unified (v, w)-Strongly Convex Simpson-Type Framework for Non-Quadratic RLC Impedance Models in Energy Distribution Networks. IEEE Access (2026)
[7] D. S. Mitrinovi´c, J. E. Peˇcari´c, and A. M. Fink, Classical and New Inequalities in Analysis, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1993.
[8] C. P. Niculescu and L.-E. Persson, Convex Functions and Their Applications: A Contemporary Approach, Springer, 2006.
[9] A. Ostrowski, Über die Absolutabweichung einer differentiierbaren Funktion von ihrem Integralmittelwert, Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici, 10, 226–227, 1938.
[10] R. T. Rockafellar, Convex Analysis, Princeton University Press, 1970.
[11] L. Gómez, J. E. Nápoles Valdés, and J. J. Rosales, Hermite–Hadamard framework for (h,m)–convexity, Fractal and Fractional, 9(10), Article 647, 2025.
[12] F. Jarad, T. Abdeljawad, and K. Shah, On the weighted fractional operators of a function with respect to another function, Fractals, 28, Article 2040011, 2020.
[13] S. S. Dragomir, On Hadamard’s inequality for convex functions on the coordinates in a rectangle from the plane, Taiwanese Journal of Mathematics, 5(4), 775–788, 2001.
[14] S.-R. Hwang, K.-L. Tseng, and G.-S. Yang, Some Hadamard inequalities for co-ordinated convex functions in a rectangle from the plane, Taiwanese Journal of Mathematics, 11(1), 63–73, 2007.
[15] R. Bhatia, Matrix Analysis, Springer, 1997.
[16] F. Hansen and G. Kjærgård Pedersen, Jensen’s inequality for operators and Löwner’s theorem, Mathematische Annalen, 258, 229–241, 1982.
[17] W. Gadri, M. Odeh, H. Kraiem, M. S. Ahmad, and A. Flah, Interval-level performance certification for machine-learning response curves under generalized convex surrogates, Companion manuscript, Hermite–Hadamard formulation, 2026.
[18] W. Gadri, M. Odeh, H. Kraiem, M. S. Ahmad, and A. Flah, Engineering-oriented Fejér-bound certification of machine-learning response curves for weighted interval analysis, Companion manuscript, Fejér formulation, 2026.
[19] W. Gadri, M. Odeh, H. Kraiem, A. Flah, and M. S. Ahmad, Ostrowski-type pointwise response-curve certification for hyperparameter tuning and robustness analysis in machine learning, Companion manuscript, Ostrowski formulation, 2026.
[20] M. S. Ahmad, Matrix-valued operator analysis in kernel-weighted multivariate modified (h,m)–convex optimization, submit ted companion manuscript, 2026.
[21] W. Hoeffding, Probability inequalities for sums of bounded random variables, Journal of the American Statistical Association, 58(301), 13–30, 1963.
[22] C. McDiarmid, On the method of bounded differences, in Surveys in Combinatorics, London Mathematical Society Lecture Note Series, vol. 141, Cambridge University Press, 148–188, 1989.
[23] A. van der Schaft, L2-Gain and Passivity Techniques in Nonlinear Control, 2nd ed., Springer, 2000.
[24] I. E. Telatar, Capacity of multi-antenna Gaussian channels, European Transactions on Telecommunications, 10(6), 585–595, 1999.
[25] A. J. Wood, B. F. Wollenberg, and G. B. Sheblé, Power Generation, Operation, and Control, 3rd ed., Wiley, 2014
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Mathematica Universalis

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright © 2026 Mathematica Universalis